The+Atomic+Sub+Particles

=The Atomic Sub Particles =

8th Grade Science Lesson [[image:atom2_mw.gif align="center"]]
6/01/2009
 * By Mario Campos**

=__A. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS __= =**STANDARDS:**= GLE 0807.9.1 Understand that all matter is made up of atoms. SPI 0807.9.1 Recognize that all matter consists of atoms. CfU 0807.9.10 Identify the atomic number, atomic mass, number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of an element using the periodic table.

**OBJECTIVES:**
TSW Become familiar with the periodic table of elements, and determine the number of Protons, Electrons and Neutrons found in the elements. TSW calculate using elementary arithmetic the atomic mass of elements. TSW understand basic periodicity by observing the increasing weight masses as the atomic number also increases.

**ASSESSMENT:**
1. Calculate the number of Subatomic Particles in 10 elements correctly. 2. Create a data table with specific elements family--identifying the subatomic particle and extended to include name and symbol. 3. Write a short explanation of the periodic trends when comparing the atomic mass and the atomic number of the elements--the explanation should have at least three complete paragraphs (introduction, body, and conclusion). The writing will be graded on ideas and organization--as required by the district writing model.

**EXTENSION:**
The students will conduct an online scavenger hunt about the table of elements to answer the BIG question, "In what 3 ways is the table of elements different now from what Mandeleeve created?

The students must already have an understanding of the basic atomic particles studied in the earlier Physical Science lessons. They must already understand that the Protons (+ charged) and Neutrons (no charge) reside in the nucleus of the atom, and that the Electrons (- charged) form a cloud around the nucleus. The students also should have an understanding of the symbols and names found in the table of elements. **
 * __//PRIOR KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED: //__

=__**B. INSTRUCTION AND PROBLEM SOLVING** __= ===→To calculate the number of neutrons in an atom you must subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass number. === ===→The atomic number tells us the number of Electrons and Neutron found in the atom. === ===→The atomic mass is the total number of Protons and Neutrons found in the nucleus of the atom. ===

**Example problem No1:**
After examining the figure above determine the number of neutrons found in the Carbon element.

**Solution:**
1. We can see from the box above that the atomic number is 6. 2. The atomic number represents the numbers of both protons and electrons. 3. Using our deductive reasoning we can extrapolate that the carbon element has 6 electrons and also 6 protons. 4. __**Now to our problem**__--


Since the Atomic mass of Carbon is 12 and the Atomic number of Carbon is 6, then we must perform the following arithmetic computation. 12-6=6 5. Our answer, then, is that __**there are** //**6 Neutrons in the carbon atom**//__. Given this Carbon atom the same number of Protons, Electrons and Neutrons 6. Carbon has 6 Electrons, 6 Protons and 6 Neutrons. (NOTE: a comment should be made now to the students explaining that some atoms have different number of Neutrons and Protons. There are some variations of the same element that come with different number of Neutrons and they are called Isotopes--we will study Isotopes later. )

Example Problem No2:


Looking at the Table of Elements above, determine the number of Neutrons in Fluorine 1. We find Fluorine to be number 9 on the table of elements. 2. Atomic Number is 9 3. Atomic Mass is 19 4. Subtract the Atomic Number from the Atomic Mass 19-9=10 5. Our answer is that **__//there are 10 Neutrons in Fluorine//__** 6. Fluorine has 9 Electrons, 9 Protons, and 10 Neutrons. ( A comment should be made now that this element is not like Carbon atom studied earlier that had the same number of Electrons, Protons, and Neutrons)

If you were filling a table with that information, then it would look like this:

 * **Element** **Name** || **Symbol** || **Atomic No.** || **Atomic Mass** || **Protons** || **Electrons** || **Neutrons** ||
 * **Carbon** || **C** || **6** || **12** || **6** || **6** || **6** ||
 * **Fluorine** || **F** || **9** || **19** || **9** || **9** || **10** ||

=__C. ASSESSMENT: __=

//Use the Table Of Elements from the link below to complete the following data tables://
[|Table of Elements on Line]



=__D. EXTENSIONS:__ =

<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 128);">Watch some videos about the Elements Table
[| of Elements Videos]

<span style="color: rgb(0, 15, 255);">The Element Song
[|The elements song--singalong if you can!]

=<span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 128);">__E. CONCLUSION:__ = After completing this lesson the students should have a very good understanding of how to use the Table of Elements to determine the periodicity of the elements. Also with the embedded mathematical practice they should be able not only to calculate particle values, but also to enhance their mathematical thinking.